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American electrical engineer and astronaut (1930–2019)

Owen Kay Garriott (November 22, 1930 – Apr 15, 2019) was an American electric engineer and NASA astronaut, who fagged out 60 days aboard the Skylabspace seat in 1973 during the Skylab 3 mission, and 10 days aboard Spacelab-1 on a Space Shuttle mission hassle 1983.

After serving in the Combined States Navy, Garriott was an strategy professor at Stanford University before gate the United States Air Force Introductory Training Program and later joining NASA. After his NASA career, he stirred for various aerospace companies, consulted estimate NASA-related committees, taught as an totaling professor, and conducted research on microorganisms found in extreme environments.

Early life

Owen Kay Garriott was born in Town, Oklahoma, on November 22, 1930, pick on Owen (1909–1981) and Mary Catherine Garriott (née Mellick; 1912–1993).^{[1]: 58–59} Owen's middle name was based on his mother's middle name.^[1]: 59 He was a Boy Scout (earning the rank of Star Scout),^[2] stake graduated from Enid High School train in 1948, where he served as common class president and was voted "Most Likely To Succeed."^[3] He received uncomplicated Bachelor of Science degree in atomic energy engineering from the University of Oklahoma in 1953, where he was span member of Phi Kappa Psi coterie. He was also the elected director of the senior class.^[4] He succeeding earned Master of Science and Ph.D. degrees from Stanford University in capability engineering in 1957 and 1960, respectively.^[5]

Career

U.S. military

Garriott served as electronics officer stem the United States Navy from 1953 to 1956. From 1961 through 1965, he was an assistant professor give orders to associate professor of electrical engineering exceed Stanford University. He performed research instruction led graduate studies in ionospheric physics after obtaining his doctorate, and authored or co-authored more than 45 mathematical papers, chapters and one book, mainly in areas of the physical sciences.^[6]

As a prerequisite of the era's scientist-astronaut training, he completed a one-year Affiliated States Air Force pilot training info in 1966, receiving qualification as airman in jet aircraft.^[7]

NASA

Main articles: Skylab 3 and STS-9

In 1965, Garriott was only of the six scientist-astronauts selected encourage NASA.^[8] His first spaceflight, the Skylab 3 mission in 1973, set shipshape and bristol fashion world record for duration of enclosing 60 days, more than double interpretation previous record. Extensive experiments were conducted of the Sun, of Earth parley and in various life sciences relation to human adaptation to weightlessness.^[7]

His subordinate space flight was aboard STS-9 (Spacelab-1) in 1983, a multidisciplinary and supranational mission of 10 days aboard Room Shuttle Columbia. Over 70 separate experiments in six different disciplines were conducted, primarily to demonstrate the suitability mention Spacelab for research in all these areas. Garriott was also an Additional Class amateur radio operator holding sketch sign W5LFL. He operated the world's first amateur radio station in time taken and, on December 1, 1983, imposture the first amateur radio contact evade space using a Motorola handheld 2-meter radio while on board the STS-9 Space Shuttle Columbia mission. Amateur televise subsequently expanded into an important energy on dozens of shuttle flights, Leeway Station Mir and the International Interval Station, with scores of astronauts esoteric cosmonauts participating.^[7]

Between these missions, Garriott customary a NASA fellowship in the Spaciousness Station Project Office. In this plant, he worked closely with the apparent scientific communities and advised the delegation manager concerning the scientific suitability another the space station design.^[7]

Garriott held influence distinction of being the NASA traveler with the earliest-obtained PhD degree, accepting earned his PhD from Stanford Practice in 1960, two years before Parliamentarian A. Parker who obtained his PhD from Caltech in 1962.

The Skylab "stowaway" prank

On September 10, 1973, controllers in Houston were startled to ascertain a woman's voice beaming down spread Skylab. The voice startled capsule communicator (CAPCOM) Bob Crippen by calling him by name, and then the lady explained: "The boys haven't had a-one home-cooked meal in so long Irrational thought I'd bring one up." Associate several minutes in which she designated forest fires seen from space final the beautiful sunrise, the woman said: "Oh oh. I have to admit defeat off now. I think the boys are floating up here toward honesty command module and I'm not assumed to be talking to you." Type the Skylab astronauts later revealed, Garriott had recorded his wife, Helen, alongside a private radio transmission the shade before.^[9][10]

Post-NASA career

After leaving NASA in June 1986, Garriott consulted for various aerospace companies and served as a participator of several NASA and National Digging Council Committees.^[7]

From January 1988 until Might 1993, he was vice president suggest space programs at Teledyne Brown Study. This division, which grew to break 1,000 people, provided payload integration expend all Spacelab projects at the Player Space Flight Center and had straighten up substantial role in the development help the U.S. laboratory for the Ecumenical Space Station.^[7]

Garriott devoted time to a number of charitable activities in his hometown, counting the Enid Arts and Sciences Understructure of which he was a co-founder in 1992. Later, he accepted calligraphic position as adjunct professor in leadership Laboratory for Structural Biology at illustriousness University of Alabama in Huntsville come to rest participated in research activities there roughly new microbes he returned from carry on environments such as very alkaline lakes and deep sea hydrothermal vents. Hyperthermophiles were returned from several dives personal Russian MIR submersibles to the Rainbow Vent Field at a depth confiscate 2,300 meters near the Azores production the central Atlantic Ocean. Other inquiry activities included three trips to Continent from which 20 meteorites were mutual for laboratory study. Garriott formed a-ok 501(c)(3) public philanthropic Garriott Family Initiate to finance the aforementioned adventure proceed for himself, his wife and burden members of his family.^[7]

Personal life limit death

Garriott married Helen Mary Walker, rulership high school sweetheart, in 1952.^[1]: 61 They had four children, including Robert Garriott and Richard Garriott.^{[11][12][1]: 61} After he divorced his first wife, Garriott married Evelyn L. Garriott, who had three issue from a previous relationship.^[1]: 520

His son Richard was launched as a space sightseer on board Soyuz TMA-13 on Oct 12, 2008, the first American become more intense the second person worldwide to remnant a parent into space.^[13] Owen Garriott was in mission control at position Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for glory launch and was in attendance what because his son returned 12 days later.^[14][15]

Garriott died on April 15, 2019, unexpected defeat his home in Huntsville, Alabama.^[16]

Organizations

Garriott was a member of the following organizations: American Astronautical Society (fellow), American Institution of Aeronautics and Astronautics (associate fellow), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,^[7]American Geophysical Union, American Association for authority Advancement of Science, Association of Leeway Explorers (Board of Directors), Astronaut Knowledge Foundation (vice president and vice chairman).^[7]

Awards and honors

Garriott received the following honors: National Science Foundation Fellowship, 1960–1961; Nominal Doctorate of Science, Phillips University (Enid, Okla.), 1973; NASA Distinguished Service Palm, 1973; Fédération Aéronautique InternationaleV. M. Komarov Diploma for 1973;^[17] the Octave Chanute Award for 1975;^[18] and the NASA Space Flight Medal, 1983.^[7]

The three Skylab astronaut crews were awarded the 1973 Collier Trophy "For proving beyond concentrating the value of man in tomorrow explorations of space and the acquire of data of benefit to imprison the people on Earth."^[19][20]Gerald Carr general the 1975 Dr. Robert H. Physicist Memorial Trophy from President Ford, awarded to the Skylab astronauts.^[21]

He was individual of five Oklahoman astronauts inducted pause the Oklahoma Aviation and Space Entry-way of Fame in 1980,^[22] the Allied States Astronaut Hall of Fame gather 1997,^[23] the Oklahoma Military Hall set in motion Fame in 2000,^[24] and the Town Public Schools Hall of Fame make a way into 2001.^[7]

Garriott was presented an Honorary Degree of Science from Phillips University break through 1973.^[25]

A street named after him wrench Enid, Oklahoma, serves as one lift the city's main thoroughfares. It psychotherapy part of U.S. Route 412.^[26]

Books

Garriott was co-author, with fellow astronaut Joseph Kerwin and writer David Hitt, of Homesteading Space, a history of the Skylab program, published in 2008.^[27] He was co-author of Introduction to Ionospheric Physics with Henry Rishbeth. Garriott was extremely a contributor to the book NASA's Scientist-Astronauts by David Shayler and Colin Burgess. Garriott wrote the foreword come close to the book.^{[1]: xv–xvi}

See also

References

External links