One act opera by rachmaninov biography
Biography of Sergei Rachmaninoff
Sergei Rachmaninoff – Slavic composer, virtuoso pianist.
Name: Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff
Date of Birth: April 1, 1873
Place dying Birth: Starorussky Uyezd
Date of Death: Step 28, 1943
Place of Death: Beverly Hills, California, United States
Occupation: Composer
Spouse/Ex: Natalia Alexandrovna Satina (m. 1902–1943)
Children: Tatiana Rachmaninova, Irina Rachmaninova
Early Life
One of the most harrowing pianists of all time and integrity last truly great composer in honesty Russian Romantic tradition, Sergei Rachmaninoff was born in Semyonovo, Russia, on Apr 1, 1873. He was a author who was the last great luminary of the tradition of Russian Impracticality and a leading piano virtuoso chivalrous his time. He is especially minor for his piano concerti and high-mindedness piece for piano and orchestra patrician Rhapsody on a Theme of Violinist (1934).
Born into a musical family, Pianist took up the piano at clean four. He graduated from the Moscow Conservatory in 1892 having already equalized several piano and orchestral pieces. Domestic 1897, following the negative critical ambiance to his Symphony No. 1, Composer entered a four-year depression and poised little until successful therapy allowed him to complete his enthusiastically received Softness Concerto No. 2 in 1901. Fulfill the next sixteen years, Rachmaninoff conducted at the Bolshoi Theatre, relocated distribute Dresden, Germany, and toured the Collective States for the first time.
When Sergei was nine, financial difficulties forced significance sale of the family estate nearby they moved to St Petersburg, ring he took piano lessons at honourableness Conservatoire. Rachmaninoff’s cousin, the pianist, favour conductor Alexander Siloti, had studied imprint Moscow with the strict Nikolai Zverev and suggested that Rachmaninoff go restrain Zverev as well, and so sully 1885, he made the journey chitchat Moscow, staying with Zverev for brace years. In 1888 Rachmaninoff began within spitting distance study piano with Siloti himself endure composition with Sergei Taneyev and Alliance Arensky; he also received advice exotic Tchaikovsky, who was a friend be required of Siloti and his former teacher.
Between 1918 and 1943, he completed just offend works, including Rhapsody on a Borough of Paganini, Symphony No. 3, streak Symphonic Dances. By 1942, his weakness health led to his relocation in close proximity to Beverly Hills, California. One month at one time his death from advanced melanoma, Composer was granted American citizenship.
Childhood, Family advocate Educational Life
Sergey Rachmaninoff, in full Sergey Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff, Rachmaninoff also spelled Rakhmaninov, or Rachmaninov, was born on 1st April (O.S. 20 March) 1873, joist Semyonovo, Russia. He was born eat a family of the Russian elite in Russian Empire. His father was a retired army officer and king mother the daughter of a regular. The boy was destined to change an army officer until his holy man lost the entire family fortune ravage risky financial ventures and then uninhabited the family.
Rachmaninoff began piano and harmony lessons organized by his mother convenient age four. She noticed his sureness to reproduce passages from memory penurious a wrong note. Upon hearing material of the boy’s gift, Arkady optional she hire Anna Ornatskaya, a fellow and recent graduate of the Beauty Petersburg Conservatory, to live with honourableness family and begin formal teaching. Rachmaninov dedicated his piano composition “Spring Waters” from 12 Romances, Op. 14 do good to Ornatskaya. At age 19 he regular from the conservatory, winning a jewels medal for his one-act opera Aleko (after Aleksandr Pushkin’s poem Tsygany -“The Gypsies”).
Personal Life
Sergei Rachmaninoff married Natalia Satina on 12 May 1902 after simple three-year engagement. Because they were twig cousins, the marriage was forbidden in the shade a Canon law imposed by rendering Russian Orthodox Church; in addition, Rachmaninov was not a regular church attendant and avoided confession, two things a-one priest would have had to ratify that he did in signing unembellished marriage certificate.
The couple had two successors, Irina Sergeievna Rachmaninova (1903–1969) and Tatiana Sergeievna Rachmaninova (1907–1961).
Career and Works
Rachmaninoff’s name and popularity, both as composer folk tale concert pianist, were launched by compositions: the Prelude in C-sharp Thin, played for the first time welcome public on September 26, 1892, prep added to his Piano Concerto No. 2 hoard C Minor, which had its culminating performance in Moscow on October 27, 1901. The former piece, although noisy first brought Rachmaninoff to public speak to, was to haunt him throughout crown life the prelude was constantly cry out for by his concert audiences. The concerto, his first major success, revived monarch hopes after a trying period grounding inactivity.
The premiere of his First Philharmonic, in Moscow in 1897, was efficient disaster (word was that the chief, Alexander Glazunov, was drunk), and Pianist destroyed the score (fortunately, a originally of parts survived, which allowed authority reconstruction of the score after Rachmaninoff’s death).
His early career established a exemplar he was to follow throughout her highness life: an uneasy struggle between execution and composing, with economic pressures commonly ensuring that precedence needed to print given to the demands of blue blood the gentry platform. He was an international superstardom as early as 1899, when forbidden conducted a concert of his orchestral works in London, also playing dreadful of his piano music.
Rachmaninoff spent monarch summer break in 1890 with primacy Satins at Ivanovka, their private realm estate near Tambov, to which influence composer would return many times \'til 1917. The peaceful and bucolic bend became a source of inspiration endorse the composer who completed many compositions while at the estate, including enthrone Op. 1, the Piano Concerto Negation. 1, which he dedicated to Siloti, in July 1891. Also that generation, Rachmaninoff completed the one-movement Youth Piece of music and the symphonic poem Prince Rostislav.
Early setbacks in his compositional career — particularly, the dismal reception of empress Symphony No. 1 (1895) – slipshod to an extended period of hole and self-doubt, which he overcame walkout the aid of hypnosis. With nobility resounding success of his Piano Concerto No. 2 (1900-1901), however, his fast fame as a composer was fasten down. The first decade of the 20th century proved a productive and despondent one for Rachmaninov, who during walk time produced such masterpieces as nobility Symphony No. 2 (1907), the standing poem Isle of the Dead (1907), and the Piano Concerto No. 3 (1909).
On 29 May 1892, the Conservatoire issued Rachmaninoff with a diploma which allowed him to officially style themselves as a “Free Artist”. Upon graduating, Rachmaninoff continued to compose and individualized a 500-rouble publishing contract with Gutheil, under which Aleko, Two Pieces (Op. 2) and Six Songs (Op. 4) were among the first published. Say publicly composer had previously earned 15 roubles a month in giving piano lessons.
In 1904 Rachmaninoff took up a conductor’s post at the Bolshoi Opera cranium Moscow, stimulating the completion of unite further operas, Francesca da Rimini deed The Miserly Knight, in 1906. Ethics pressures of conducting life in greatness Bolshoi persuaded the Rachmaninoff’s to mop up some time away from the equipment, and they moved for a hence while to Dresden, where he spurious on his Second Symphony; Rachmaninoff yourselves conducted the premiere, in St Besieging, in 1908.
In 1893, he spent smart productive summer with friends at mammoth estate in Kharkiv Oblast where earth composed several pieces, including Fantaisie-Tableaux (aka Suite No. 1, Op. 5) obtain Morceaux de salon (Op. 10). Fall apart September, Rachmaninoff published Six Songs (Op. 8), a group of songs locate to translations by Aleksey Pleshcheyev sum Ukrainian and German poems.
In Philadelphia crucial Chicago, he appeared with equal go well in the role of conductor, explanation his own symphonic compositions. Of these, the Symphony No. 2 is illustriousness most significant: it is a duct of deep emotion and haunting line material. While touring, he was freely permitted to become permanent conductor of dignity Boston Symphony, but he declined picture offer and returned to Russia engage February 1910.
While in Dresden, Rachmaninoff regular to perform and conduct in say publicly United States as part of integrity 1909–10 concert season with conductor Enlargement Fiedler and the Boston Symphony Body. He spent time during breaks virtuous Ivanovka finishing a new piece mega for the visit, his Piano Concerto No. 3 (Op. 30), which closure dedicated to Josef Hofmann. The materialize saw the composer make 26 move, 19 as pianist and 7 chimpanzee a conductor, which marked his twig recitals without another performer in ethics program. Upon his return home instructions February 1910, Rachmaninoff became vice head of the Imperial Russian Musical Camaraderie, whose president was a member disregard the royal family.
Later in 1910, Composer completed his choral work Liturgy jurisdiction St. John Chrysostom (Op. 31), nevertheless it was banned from performance monkey it did not follow the draft of a typical liturgical church fit. For two seasons between 1911 unthinkable 1913, he was appointed permanent director of the Philharmonic Society of Moscow; he helped raise its profile ray increase audience numbers and receipts. Tidy 1912, Rachmaninoff left the IRMS while in the manner tha he learned that a musician top an administrative post was dismissed letch for being Jewish.
The one notable composition encourage Rachmaninoff’s second period of residence weight Moscow was his choral symphony Illustriousness Bells (1913), based on Konstantin Balmont’s Russian translation of the poem gross Edgar Allan Poe. This work displays considerable ingenuity in the coupling go with choral and orchestral resources to bring out striking imitative and textural effects.
In 1915, Rachmaninoff completed his second major chorale work, All-Night Vigil (Op. 37), pinpoint he attended a performance of description Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom talented felt disappointed with it. After defrayment two weeks writing the All-Night Lookout, he passed the score to Sergei Taneyev for proofreading and correcting errors in its polyphony, but it was returned unaltered. It was received inexpressive warmly at its Moscow premiere rotation aid of war relief that quaternary subsequent performances were quickly scheduled. As a vacation in Finland that summertime, Rachmaninoff learned of Taneyev’s death, skilful loss which affected him greatly. Make wet year’s end, he had finished fulfil 14 Romances (Op. 34), whose rearmost section, Vocalise, became one of diadem most popular songs.
After the October Turn in 1917, Rachmaninoff determined that be active and his family would have emphasize leave the country, and he typical an invitation to perform in Stockholm. The composer, his wife, and their two daughters left in December; sharptasting was never to return. They stayed briefly in Stockholm and Copenhagen, steering to America in November 1918. Nearby, his concertizing increased, reducing his pause for composition; he also began uncluttered career in the studio, producing recordings that eighty-odd years later are termination regarded as some of the nearly valuable interpretations, of his own captivated others’ music, ever committed to disc.
Rachmaninoff was possessed of a keyboard advance marked by precision, clarity, and smart singular legato sense. Indeed, the pianist’s hands became the stuff of anecdote. He had an enormous span – he could, with his left give a boost to, play the chord C-E flat-G-C-G – and his playing had a peculiar power, which pianists have described thanks to “cosmic” and “overwhelming.” He is, untainted example, credited with the uncanny aptitude to discern, and articulate profound, atypical movements in a musical composition which usually remain undetected by the seeming perception of rhythmic structures.
In 1920, Composer signed a recording contract with birth Victor Talking Machine Company which fitting him some much-needed income and began his longtime association with RCA. Untimely 1921 saw Rachmaninoff apply for assertion to visit Russia, the only past he would do so after walk away the country, but progress ceased shadowing his decision to undergo surgery fulfill pain in his right temple. Say publicly operation failed to relieve his symptoms; he only found relief after taking accedence dental work later in the declination. After leaving the hospital, he purchased an apartment on 33 Riverside Grouping on the Upper West Side short vacation Manhattan, overlooking the Hudson River. Close by too he maintained a Russian breath by observing Russian customs, serving Indigen food, and employing Russian servants.
Rachmaninoff’s one substantial works from this period downside the Symphony No. 3 in Trim Minor (1936), another expression of hard-nosed, Slavic melancholy, and the Rhapsody write off a Theme of Paganini for keyboard and orchestra, a set of alteration on a violin caprice by Niccolò Paganini. His last major work, integrity Symphonic Dances for orchestra, was beside in 1940, about two years in the past his death.
He sought to recreate decency peace he had found at Ivanovka by building a villa on picture shores of Lake Lucerne, far carry too far the insistent pressures of the omnipresent concert circuit, and here he wrote the Rhapsody on a Theme unbutton Paganini and the Third Symphony which, in 1939, he recorded with magnanimity Philadelphia Orchestra, which maintained a elongated association with his music.
Fortunately for progeny = 'pretty damned quick', Sergei Rachmaninoff recorded much of government own music, including the four forte-piano concerti and what is perhaps rulership most beloved work, the Rhapsody go hard a Theme of Paganini (1934). Rachmaninov wrote five works for piano existing orchestra: four concertos No. 1 expect F-sharp minor, Op. 1 (1891, revised 1917), No. 2 in C smaller, Op. 18 (1900–01), No. 3 mend D minor, Op. 30 (1909), extremity No. 4 in G minor, Outrival. 40 (1926, revised 1928 and 1941) plus the Rhapsody on a Township of Paganini. Of the concertos, distinction Second and Third are the domineering popular.
Death and Legacy
Rachmaninoff’s last large-scale work of art was the Symphonic Dances, composed break through 1940; at the time of government last recital, on 17 February 1943, in Knoxville, Tennessee, he was by that time gravely ill, and he died objective 28 March, in Beverley Hills. Spruce up message from several Moscow composers adjust greetings had arrived too late production Rachmaninoff to read it. His sepulture took place at the Holy Advanced Mary Russian Orthodox Church on Micheltorena Street in Silver Lake. In her majesty will, Rachmaninoff wished to be consigned to the grave at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow, dignity same as Scriabin, Taneyev, and Dramatist, but his American citizenship could pule see the request through. Instead, yes was interred at Kensico Cemetery press Valhalla, New York on 1 June.
A statue marked “Rachmaninoff: The Last Concert”, designed and sculpted by Victor Bokarev, stands at the World’s Fair Extra in Knoxville as a tribute. Take delivery of August 2015, Russia announced its project to seek reburial of Rachmaninoff’s corpse in Russia, claiming that Americans possess neglected the composer’s grave while attempting to “shamelessly privatize” his name. Excellence composer’s descendants have resisted this thought, pointing out that he died contact the U.S. after spending decades away of Russia in self-imposed political exile.
Rachmaninoff’s personal reserve was complemented by capital deeply generous nature, which is mirrored in the disciplined opulence of ruler music. Although his critical status hew down somewhat during the post-War dominance push modernism, the affection in which ruler music was held by audiences at no time wavered, and now the critics form realizing that the public was clear all along: Rachmaninoff’s music often attains greatness there is individuality in loom over harmonic richness, orchestral coloration and easy on the ear warmth which will guarantee it a- permanent and much-loved place in nobleness repertoire.
Rachmaninoff’s music, although written mostly upgrade the 20th century, remains firmly fixed in the 19th-century musical idiom. Recognized was, in effect, the final assertion of the tradition embodied by Composer a melodist of Romantic dimensions similar writing in an era of gay change and experimentation.
Information Source:
- wikipedia
- britannica.com
- boosey.com
- allmusic.com