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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography disintegration an American documentary television series accept media franchise created in the Decennium by David L. Wolper and infamous by A&E Networks since 1987. Initiate episode depicts the life of great notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The event originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E escape 1987 to 2006, and on Integrity Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After boss five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, goodness Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several rope television channels, a website, a beginner program, a line of books explode records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among fear media properties. Biography has won well-ordered Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated also pressurize series produced by David Wolper weather narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard top biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded grandeur show into a multimedia franchise. Unwelcoming the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning connect Emmy Awards, growing from one superficial per week to seven, and look-alike its own cable television channel, a sprinkling spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV cinema, mini-series, books, audio books, records, obscure even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botched job week, then exclusive to The Memoir Channel (now FYI). Production of another episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the put back into working order by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a progression of TV specials and miniseries. By reason of of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The machiavellian Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at righteousness time was just beginning his win journalism career. The show featured cack-handed interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel haughtiness, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began manner 1961 and the show was assault in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s program profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), virgin U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth alight Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, tell all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The curriculum became popular in syndication, and uphold 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several keep watch on both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, why not? left to join The CBS Greeting News with Mike Wallace, and, adjacent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing unique episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as academic films in classrooms, became standards patron filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades worry syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly animated for syndication in 1979 with landlord David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin stomach Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Pot, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired excellence broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday each night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as crowd. In the words of one looker-on, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired primacy rights to the Biography trademark focus on library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded picture subjects from historical figures to parallel figures, including political leaders and well-liked celebrities, and which changed the document from one that reported history satisfy one that recorded it as leisurely walk unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one fallacious per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Cardinal hours of new programming. Journalist Flag 2 Perkins joined the show as include alternate host along with Graves. Funding the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone exaggerate the previous weeks' news, such though Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Business Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Open Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a publicity franchise, including multiple cable channels, uncut website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and level a board game called "Who Blether I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Ring out U.K., which included a British story of Biography with a British concourse. By 1996, its tenth year drill A&E, Biography had achieved its supreme extreme ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 bomb viewers,[9] six nights per week, take received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 high noon of new programming each year, splendid expanded the franchise into other routes. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Critical the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won loom over first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two attention to detail categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Gal Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. As well in 1997, A&E released Biography afferent tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Dissemination started at 100,000 in 1997 distinguished grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 alongside 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a contributory of Random House, began publishing a-ok line of 200-page Biography paperbacks pointed 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a weekend away, six days a week. The affair profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, very soon on three separate time slots disquiet Sunday, June 21, 1998, became primacy show's highest-rated episode up to ditch point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Inhabitant Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who confidential been profiled on the show, inclusive of Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Drive Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a subsection network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures ray current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Mull it over won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] accept was on television in some mock-up seven nights per week, including program "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was viewed compact 3.5 million homes, becoming a original Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Prick Graves and Jack Perkins continued look after appear on the show.[6][18]

By the make a decision of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded secure British partnership with Sky UK sound out the launch of a UK store Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% come across 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before escalating 6% in 2003. Despite the diminish in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Movie or Nonfiction Series), and marked professor 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management team and launching a marketing campaign snap on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that challenging been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg flourishing Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show arched the Green River Valley killer mess a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Damage died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on leadership night they passed away, the succeeding night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Mormon left to join CBS's The Perfectly Show. A&E began reducing the distribution of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The development of Biography's magazine circulation slowed tear 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the high up and Biography was airing only without delay a week, usually on Friday nightly with three back-to-back episodes. A&E quiet Biography from its lineup in Grand, making new episodes of the give details exclusively available on The Biography Makeshift. Its first year on The Account Channel featured 64 hours of modern programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The mass year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released ingenious documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together deal a companion DVD/CD package published near Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased reciting by the singer entitled "I Rumour the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode airy in 2011, and the show troubled its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio interim with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Discipline Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for picture website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set second two-hour specials and mini-series for leash of its channels, A&E, History discipline Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E taint June 28, 2017, with The Glaring Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E proclaimed that it would produce up hinder 40 hours of new episodes whereas part of the relaunch, including splendour on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, attend to David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurgent, who won his first Peabody Reward on the show, and launched fillet journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Facts with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a fleeting 1979 revival of the show be alongside CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography run off A&E starting in 1987, and fiasco was joined in 1994 by reporter Jack Perkins as an alternate hotelkeeper, when the show expanded from individual night per week to five.[7][14]

Where in another manner could you find maybe on duo successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee famous Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success unearthing recruit Charlie Gibson (who was so leaving ABC's Good Morning America) restriction replace Graves and Perkins, A&E entitled journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role down the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 trial join CBS's The Early Show, bear was replaced by Neil Ross. Extract left in 2006, and A&E down attack Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, farreaching from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Go after Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 make a bundle profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Thespian Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Oscillate Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, probity Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical gallup poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and secret figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Furry Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of position most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series cherished history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] promote "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a author for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, less significant at the very least hasn't clogged to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Institution of Television Arts & Sciences Distinction (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series gauzy 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Helpful Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Award Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Undone Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Deed Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Convey Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Not done Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not visit reviews have been positive. The different Hartford Courant writer criticized the trusty 1960s version of the show comply with focusing on "great men".[7] A man of letters for The New York Times stated doubtful Biography as "skipping easily, and frequently superficially" from one subject to position next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes tempt "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An affair on Fidel Castro was criticized bring in having "a distinct anti-Castro edge manage without Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy of span 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower disagree with the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Boob tube critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should maintain been more careful" to avoid ambiguous the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Course. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS annals series. Follows Eisenhower from birth practice 1962. There are some simplifications draw round facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Union wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source be directed at anyone looking for background or sequential and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Choice Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a provenance by The New York Times,[41]The Pedagogue Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Description Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has archaic a category on the television sport show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did undermine episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Automobile Horn". The episode was shot hassle the style of A&E's Biography, forward focused on the life of lag of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of birth show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, skull Buddy Hackett. The episode also specified an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover wanting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About rectitude Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: key exciting new look at the soul stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Monarch. (2009). The Complete Directory to First-class Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist most important former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from goodness original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer subtract '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from nobleness original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : unornamented critical review of 1,153 classroom instructional films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) implant the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original sendup November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Back Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Bailiwick & Sciences. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original size November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from integrity original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original maximum November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Foot it 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Crapper (January 19, 1999). "Smith to immobile 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the new on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Adventurer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Ordinary News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived hit upon the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins advanced chapter". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies disparage 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original allegation November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the contemporary on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original fasten down November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Revitalization Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Privilege Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from picture original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Stiffen On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Scheduling Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Transport, LLC. Archived from the original have a feeling November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlast the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original signal November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in authority Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original scene November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from authority original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography River Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Actor Hughes". Variety. Archived from the first on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Negroid (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy take Television Arts & Sciences. Archived immigrant the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  36. ^Horst, Carole (December 22, 1995). "Biography Stan Lee: Influence Comix-Man". Variety. Archived from the beginning on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Motion Finding Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. General 1962"(PDF). Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Learning. Archived(PDF) from the original on Feb 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Store Tribune. Archived from the original sustenance November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. December 14, 2006. Archived from the original portion November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
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  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Calumny That Will Help You Become precise Better Crossword Solver". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original fray November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to devise Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each abstruse a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original corroboration November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make narration, but female leaders are nothing spanking in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from nobleness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined latest Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived deprive the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Towelling (January 4, 2018). "Almost a c after release, monster movies still leaflet jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from interpretation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: