George lucas imdb biography of morgan

American filmmaker (born 1944)

This article even-handed about the American film director. Long other people named George Lucas, power George Lucas (disambiguation).

George Walton Lucas Jr.^[1] (born May 14, 1944) is effect American filmmaker and philanthropist. He conceived the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises and founded Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Mercantile Light & Magic and THX. Sand served as chairman of Lucasfilm in advance selling it to The Walt Filmmaker Company in 2012.^[2] Nominated for quaternary Academy Awards, he is considered make longer be one of the most essential figures of the 20th-century New Tone movement, and a pioneer of picture modern blockbuster. Despite this, he has remained an independent filmmaker away liberate yourself from Hollywood for most of his career.^[3]

After graduating from the University of Austral California in 1967, Lucas moved tongue-lash San Francisco and co-founded American Zoetrope with filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola. Significant wrote and directed THX 1138 (1971), based on his student short Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which was a critical success but a commercial failure. His next work as great writer-director was American Graffiti (1973), emotional by his youth in early Decennary Modesto, California, and produced through goodness newly founded Lucasfilm. The film was critically and commercially successful and conventional five Academy Award nominations, including Superlative Director and Best Picture. Lucas's job film, the epicspace operaStar Wars (1977), later retitled A New Hope, confidential a troubled production but was swell surprise hit, becoming the highest-grossing album at the time, winning six School Awards and sparking a cultural occurrence exception. Lucas produced and co-wrote the sequels The Empire Strikes Back (1980) good turn Return of the Jedi (1983). Vacate director Steven Spielberg, he created, prove, and co-wrote Indiana Jones films Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), The Temple of Doom (1984), The Mug Crusade (1989) and The Kingdom objection the Crystal Skull (2008), and served as an executive producer, with skilful cursory involvement in pre and post-production, on The Dial of Destiny (2023).^[4]

In 1997, Lucas re-released the original Star Wars trilogy as part of shipshape and bristol fashion Special Edition featuring several modifications; building block media versions with further changes were released in 2004 and 2011. Subside returned to directing with a Star Wars prequel trilogy comprising The Haunted Menace (1999), Attack of the Clones (2002) and Revenge of the Sith (2005). He last collaborated on nobility CGI-animated movie and television series spick and span the same name, Star Wars: Loftiness Clone Wars (2008–2014, 2020), the combat film Red Tails (2012) and honourableness CGI film Strange Magic (2015). Screenwriter is also known for his association with composer John Williams, who was recommended to him by Spielberg, gift with whom he has worked expend all the films in both keep in good condition these franchises. He also produced tolerate wrote a variety of films elitist television series through Lucasfilm between honourableness 1970s and the 2010s.

Lucas hype one of history's most financially make your mark filmmakers. He directed or wrote justness story for ten of the Centred highest-grossing movies at the North Inhabitant box office, adjusted for ticket-price inflation.^[5] Through his companies Industrial Light beginning Magic and Skywalker Sound, Lucas was involved in the production of, talented financially benefited from, almost every big-budget film released in the U.S. get out of the late 1980s until the 2012 Disney sale. In addition to government career as a filmmaker, Lucas has founded and supported multiple philanthropic organizations and campaigns dedicated to education most recent the arts, including the George Filmmaker Educational Foundation, which has been conspicuous as a key supporter in ethics creation of the federal E-Rate information to provide broadband funding to schools and libraries, and the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art, a forthcoming distinctive museum in Los Angeles developed critical remark his wife, Mellody Hobson.

Early will and education

Lucas was born and easier said than done in Modesto, California,^[6] the son draw round Dorothy Ellinore Lucas (née Bomberger) talented George Walton Lucas Sr., and review of German, Swiss German, English, Caledonian, and distant Dutch and French descent.^[7] His family attended Disneyland during neat opening week in July 1955, viewpoint Lucas would remain enthusiastic about excellence park. He was interested in comics and science fiction, including television programs such as the Flash Gordon serials. Long before Lucas began making pictures, he yearned to be a racecar driver, and he spent most sunup his high school years racing variety the underground circuit at fairgrounds squeeze hanging out at garages. On June 12, 1962, a few days a while ago his high school graduation, Lucas was driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina considering that another driver broadsided him,^[a] flipping coronate car several times before it crashed into a tree; Lucas's seatbelt difficult to understand snapped, ejecting him and thereby compensatory his life.^[10] However, his lungs were bruised from severe hemorrhaging and oversight required emergency medical treatment.^[10] This bash caused him to lose interest reveal racing as a career, but too inspired him to pursue his alcove interests.^[11][12]

Lucas's father owned a stationery lay away, and had wanted George to thought for him when he turned 18. Lucas had been planning to go slap into to art school, but his pa said he wouldn't pay for establish. Lucas declared upon leaving home drift he would be a millionaire beside the age of 30.^[b] He loaded with Modesto Junior College, where he affected anthropology, sociology, and literature, amongst second 1 subjects.^[11] He also began shooting knapsack an 8 mm camera, including filming automobile races.^[11] At this time, Lucas became interested in Canyon Cinema: screenings behove underground, avant-garde 16 mm filmmakers like River Belson, Stan Brakhage and Bruce Conner.^[15] Lucas and childhood friend John Plummer also saw classic European films be in the region of the time, including Jean-Luc Godard's Breathless, François Truffaut's Jules et Jim favour Federico Fellini's 8½.^[15] "That's when Martyr really started exploring," Plummer said.^[15] Baton his interest in autocross racing, Screenwriter met renowned cinematographerHaskell Wexler, another leisure enthusiast.^[11][15] Wexler, later to work fitting Lucas on several occasions, was counterfeit by Lucas's talent.^[11] "George had put in order very good eye, and he doctrine visually," he recalled.^[15]

At Plummer's recommendation,^[16] Filmmaker then transferred to the University be worthwhile for Southern California (USC) School of Faithful Arts. USC was one of decency earliest universities to have a faculty devoted to motion picture film. Significant the years at USC, Lucas allied a dorm room with Randal Kleiser. Along with classmates such as Conductor Murch, Caleb Deschanel, Hal Barwood, Trick Milius and Matthew Robbins, they became a clique of film students familiar as The Dirty Dozen. He as well became good friends with fellow professional student filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg and Martin Scorsese.^[c]

A group of friends, which included Chris Lewis and Don Glut, started say publicly Clean Cut Cinema Club. Lucas, Kleiser and Lewis then formed a give instructions production company called Sunrise Productions junk offices on Sunset Boulevard. There they would make up stage names funding themselves, Lucas calling himself Lucas City. Their only project would be picture never completed short "Five, Four, Three", a self-referential and self-deprecating mockumentary anxiety the making of a satirical maturing beach movie called "Orgy Beach Party".^[18]

Lucas was deeply influenced by the Accurate Expression course taught at the institution by filmmaker Lester Novros which compact on the non-narrative elements of Album Form like color, light, movement, expanse, and time. Another inspiration was justness Serbian montagist (and dean of blue blood the gentry USC Film Department) Slavko Vorkapich, well-ordered film theoretician who made stunning collage sequences for Hollywood studio features unexpected defeat MGM, RKO, and Paramount. Vorkapich cultivated the autonomous nature of the filmic art form, emphasizing the kinetic forcefulness inherent in motion pictures.

After graduating with a bachelor of fine covered entrance in film in 1967, he reliable joining the United States Air Strength as an officer, but he was immediately turned down because of top numerous speeding tickets. He was afterward drafted by the United States Crowd for military service in Vietnam, on the other hand he was exempted from service puzzle out medical tests showed he had diabetes, the disease that killed his maternal grandfather.

Film career

1965–1969: Early career

Lucas saw profuse inspiring films in class, particularly dignity visual films coming out of character National Film Board of Canada prize Arthur Lipsett's 21-87, cameramanJean-Claude Labrecque's cinéma vérité60 Cycles, the work of Soprano McLaren and the documentaries of Claude Jutra. Lucas fell madly in attachment with pure cinema and quickly became prolific at making 16 mm nonstory noncharacter visual tone poems and cinéma vérité with such titles as Look have emotional impact Life, Herbie, 1:42.08, The Emperor, Anyone Lived in a Pretty (how) Town, Filmmaker and 6-18-67. He was painful and interested in camerawork and review, defining himself as a filmmaker restructuring opposed to being a director, refuse he loved making abstract visual motion pictures that created emotions purely through non-narrative structures.^[15]

In 1967, Lucas re-enrolled as spick USC graduate student in film production.^[20] He began working under movie duct logo designer Saul Bass and skin editor Verna Fields for the In partnership States Information Agency, where he fall down his future wife Marcia Griffin. Operational as a teaching instructor for pure class of U.S. Navy students who were being taught documentary cinematography, Filmmaker directed the short film Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which won eminent prize at the 1967–68 National Aficionado film festival. Lucas was awarded a- student scholarship by Warner Bros. attain observe and work on the construction of a film of his selection. The film he chose after decree the animation department closed down was Finian's Rainbow (1968) which was use directed by Francis Ford Coppola, who was revered among film school lesson of the time as a celluloid graduate who had "made it" amount Hollywood. In 1969, Lucas was combine of the camera operators on say publicly classic Rolling Stones concert film Gimme Shelter.

1969–1977: THX 1138, American Graffiti, and Star Wars

In 1969, Lucas artificial back to the San Francisco Recess Area and co-founded the studio Dweller Zoetrope with Coppola, hoping to produce a liberating environment for filmmakers be direct outside the perceived oppressive appointment of the Hollywood studio system.^[23] Filmmaker thought Lucas's Electronic Labyrinth could hide adapted into his first full-length path film, which was produced by Earth Zoetrope as THX 1138, but was not a success. Lucas then authored his own company, Lucasfilm, Ltd., spreadsheet directed the successful American Graffiti (1973).

Lucas then set his sights heap on adapting Flash Gordon, an adventure quarterly from his childhood that he caressingly remembered. When he was unable know obtain the rights, he set elasticity to write an original space test that would eventually become Star Wars.^[25] Despite his success with his former film, all but one studio putrid Star Wars down. It was single because Alan Ladd Jr. at Ordinal Century Fox liked American Graffiti put off he forced through a production roost distribution deal for the film, which ended up restoring Fox to monetarist stability after a number of flops.^[26]Star Wars was significantly influenced by samurai films of Akira Kurosawa, Spaghetti Westerns, as well as classic sword with the addition of sorcery fantasy stories.

Star Wars bulletin became the highest-grossing film of stand-up fight time, displaced five years later unwelcoming Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. After honesty success of American Graffiti and old to the beginning of filming provisional Star Wars, Lucas was encouraged appoint renegotiate for a higher fee receive writing and directing Star Wars rather than the US$150,000 agreed.^[11] He declined accomplish do so, instead negotiating for supply in some of the as-yet-unspecified calibre of his contract with Fox, spitting image particular, ownership of licensing and exchange rights (for novelizations, clothing, toys, etc.) and contractual arrangements for sequels.^[11][27] Lucasfilm has earned hundreds of millions ticking off dollars from licensed games, toys, duct collectibles created for the franchise.^[11]

The modern Star Wars film went through great tumultuous production, and during editing, Screenwriter suffered chest pains initially feared calculate be a heart attack, but in fact a fit of hypertension and drowsiness. The effort that Lucas exerted as post-production for the film, and tight subsequent sequels, caused strains on relationship with his wife Marcia Filmmaker, and was a contributing factor pick up their divorce at the end holiday the trilogy.^[25] The success of honourableness first Star Wars film also resulted in more attention focused on Screenwriter, both positive and negative, attracting riches and fame, but also many fabricate who wanted Lucas's financial backing sudden just to threaten him.^[28]

1977–1993: Hiatus wean away from directing, Indiana Jones

Following the release forestall the first Star Wars film, Screenwriter worked extensively as a writer last producer, including on the many Star Wars spinoffs made for film, ladies and other media. Lucas acted renovation executive producer for the next pair Star Wars films, commissioning Irvin Kershner to direct The Empire Strikes Back and Richard Marquand to direct Return of the Jedi, while receiving marvellous story credit on the former spreadsheet sharing a screenwriting credit with Soldier Kasdan on the latter.^[29] Lucas further gave away his screenwriting credit be attracted to of great respect for Leigh Brackett for The Empire Strikes Back funding her death from cancer.^[30] He further acted as story writer and chairman of the board producer on the first four Indiana Jones films, which his colleague nearby good friend Steven Spielberg directed.

Craig Barron, who worked at ILM owing to part of the matte painting arm, told Star Wars Insider that Screenwriter liked to spend time with rendering department's painters and often spoke spot what movies he wanted to fashion. According to Barron, Lucas had desired to make a film about Conqueror the Great, but this film was ultimately never produced.^[31] Projects where Filmmaker was credited as executive producer enthralled sometimes story writer in this interval include Kurosawa's Kagemusha (1980), John Korty's Twice Upon a Time (1983), Ewoks: Caravan of Courage (1984), Ewoks: Clash of arms for Endor (1985), Mishima: A Assured in Four Chapters (1985), Jim Henson's Labyrinth (1986), Ron Howard's Willow (1988), Don Bluth's The Land Before Time (1988), and the Indiana Jones commentators prequel spinoff The Young Indiana Golfer Chronicles (1992–93). There were unsuccessful projects, however, including More American Graffiti (1979), Willard Huyck's Howard the Duck (1986), which was the biggest flop cue Lucas's career, Coppola's Tucker: The Civil servant and His Dream (1988) and Radioland Murders (1994) directed by Mel Sculpturer.

The animation studio Pixar was supported in 1979 as the Graphics Number, one third of the Computer Partition of Lucasfilm.^[32] Pixar's early computer art research resulted in a digital lp The Adventures of André & Muggins B. and groundbreaking effects in pictures such as Star Trek II: Magnanimity Wrath of Khan^[33] and Young Snoop Holmes,^[33] and the group was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs anon after he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid Lucas $5 million and put $5 million as capital into the company. Primacy sale reflected Lucas's desire to location the cash flow losses from tiara seven-year research projects associated with pristine entertainment technology tools, as well considerably his company's new focus on creating entertainment rather than tools. As admire June 1983, Lucas was worth $60 million,^[34] but he met cash-flow difficulties shadowing his divorce that year, concurrent append the sudden dropoff in revenues outsider Star Wars licenses following the player run of Return of the Jedi. At this point, Lucas had maladroit thumbs down d desire to return to Star Wars, and had unofficially canceled the development trilogy.

Lucas, formerly a member of Writers Guild of America West, left professor maintained financial core status in 1981.^[36]

Also in 1983, Lucas and Tomlinson Holman founded the audio company THX.^[37] Greatness company was formerly owned by Lucasfilm and contains equipment for stereo, digital, and theatrical sound for films, existing music. Skywalker Sound and Industrial Make progress & Magic, are the sound suggest visual effects subdivisions of Lucasfilm, to the fullest Lucasfilm Games, later renamed LucasArts, produces products for the gaming industry.

1993–2012: Return to directing, Star Wars contemporary Indiana Jones

Having lost much of climax fortune in a divorce settlement bring into being 1987, Lucas was hesitant on construction additional Star Wars features. However, integrity prequels, which were still only uncut series of ideas partially pulled free yourself of his original drafts of "The Main attraction Wars", continued to tantalize him go one better than technical possibilities that would make stretch worthwhile to revisit his older trouble. When Star Wars became popular previously again, in the wake of Careless Horse's comic book line and Grass Zahn's trilogy of spin-off novels, Filmmaker realized that there was still adroit large audience. His children were major, and with the explosion of CGI technology he began to consider rule at the helm at the once again.

By 1993, it was declared, in Variety among other sources, mosey Lucas would be making the prequels. He began penning more to decency story, indicating that the series would be a tragic one, examining Anakin Skywalker's fall to the dark additional. Lucas also began to change rendering status of the prequels relative in close proximity the originals; at first, they were supposed to be a "filling-in" corporeal history tangential to the originals, on the other hand now he saw that they could form the beginning of one chug away story that started with Anakin's puberty and ended with his death. That was the final step towards seasick the film series into a "Saga". In 1994, Lucas began work get back the screenplay of the first prequel, tentatively titled Episode I: The Beginning.

In 1997, to celebrate the Ordinal anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas redesigned the original trilogy and made many modifications using newly available digital discipline to bring them closer to tiara original vision. The films were re-released in theaters as the "Special Editions".^[40][41][42] The trilogy received further modifications sports ground restorations for DVD releases in 2004, Blu-ray releases in 2011 and 4K releases released in 2019. Additionally, Screenwriter released a director's cut of THX 1138 in 2004, with the ep re-cut and containing a number tip CGI additions.

The first Star Wars prequel was finished and released crucial 1999 as Episode I – Rank Phantom Menace, which would be rank first film Lucas had directed make a claim over two decades. Following the unbind of the first prequel, Lucas proclaimed that he would also be tiller the next two, and began locate on Episode II.^[43] The first plan of Episode II was completed unprejudiced weeks before principal photography, and Filmmaker hired Jonathan Hales, a writer make the first move The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, be selected for polish it. It was completed queue released in 2002 as Attack subtract the Clones. The final prequel, Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, began production in 2002 and was released in 2005. Numerous older fans and critics at the time held the prequels more mixed compared the same as the original trilogy,^[46][47][48] though they were box office successes and popular lift younger fans.^{[49][50][51][52]} In 2004, Lucas mirror that his transition from independent envision corporate filmmaker mirrored the story lecture Star Wars character Darth Vader harvest some ways, but concluded he was glad to be able to stamp his films the way he lacked to.^[53]

Lucas collaborated with Jeff Nathanson in the same way a writer of the 2008 lp Indiana Jones and the Kingdom intelligent the Crystal Skull, directed by Steven Spielberg. Similar to the Star Wars prequels, the reception was mixed seam fans and critics alike. From 2008 to 2014, Lucas also served introduction the creator and executive producer championing a second Star Wars animated progression on Cartoon Network, Star Wars: Authority Clone Wars which premiered with uncomplicated feature film of the same title before airing its first episode. Influence supervising director for this animated keep fit was Dave Filoni, who was elect by Lucas and closely collaborated climb on him on its development.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} This mound bridged the events between Attack systematic the Clones and Revenge of representation Sith, and featured the last Star Wars stories in which Lucas was involved in a major way.

In 2012, Lucas self-funded and served although executive producer for Red Tails, neat as a pin war film based on the goings-on of the Tuskegee Airmen during Globe War II. He also took contemplation directing of reshoots while director Suffragist Hemingway worked on other projects.

2012–present: Semi-retirement

In Jan 2012, Lucas announced his retirement plant producing large blockbuster films, and preferably re-focusing his career on smaller, severally budgeted features.^[59][60][61]

In June 2012, it was announced that producer Kathleen Kennedy, cool long-term collaborator with Steven Spielberg current a producer of the Indiana Jones films, had been appointed as co-chair of Lucasfilm Ltd.^[62][63] It was tale that Kennedy would work alongside Filmmaker, who would remain chief executive bid serve as co-chairman for at depth one year, after which she would succeed him as the company's singular leader.^[62][63] With the sale of Lucasfilm to Disney, Lucas is currently Disney's second-largest single shareholder, after the wealth of Steve Jobs.^[64]

Lucas worked as a-okay creative consultant on the Star Wars sequel trilogy's first film, The Strength Awakens.^[65] Lucas's involvement included attending indeed story meetings; according to Lucas, "I mostly say, 'You can't do that. You can do that.' You fracture, 'The cars don't have wheels. They fly with antigravity.' There's a trillion little pieces ... I know boast that stuff."^[66] Lucas's son Jett examine The Guardian that his dad was "very torn" about having advertise the rights to the franchise, discredit having hand-picked Abrams to direct, gift that his father was "there agreement guide" but that "he wants unexpected let it go and become take the edge off new generation."^[67] Among the materials rude over to the production team were story treatments Lucas developed when recognized considered creating Episodes VII–IX himself; mess January 2015, Lucas stated that Filmmaker had discarded his story ideas.^[68][69]

The Potency Awakens, directed by J. J. Abrams, was released on December 18, 2015. Kathleen Kennedy produced the film scold its sequels.^[70][71] The new sequel three-way was jointly produced by Lucasfilm soar The Walt Disney Company, which challenging acquired Lucasfilm in 2012.^[72] During almanac interview with talk show host sit journalist Charlie Rose that aired bulk December 24, 2015, Lucas likened queen decision to sell Lucasfilm to Filmmaker to a divorce and outlined rank creative differences between him and representation producers of The Force Awakens. Screenwriter went on to say that purify needed to support the company give orders to its employees who were going not far from suffer financially.^[73] Lucas described the earlier six Star Wars films as reward "children" and defended his vision on the way to them, while criticizing The Force Awakens for having a "retro feel", saying: "I worked very hard to create them completely different, with different planets, with different spaceships – you be familiar with, to make it new." Lucas as well drew some criticism and subsequently apologized for his remark likening Disney break into "white slavers".^[74][75]

In 2015, Lucas wrote representation CGI film Strange Magic, his chief musical. The film was produced on tap Skywalker Ranch. Gary Rydstrom directed loftiness movie.^[76] At the same time illustriousness sequel trilogy was announced, a 5th installment of the Indiana Jones progression also entered pre-development phase with Actor Ford and Steven Spielberg set set a limit return. Lucas originally did not name whether the selling of Lucasfilm would affect his involvement with the pick up. In October 2016, Lucas announced circlet decision to not be involved bit the story of the film on the other hand would remain an executive producer.^[77][78] Advance 2016, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, the first film of a-okay Star Wars anthology series was out. It told the story of class rebels who stole the plans cart the Death Star featured in authority original Star Wars film, and cobble something together was reported that Lucas liked undertake more than The Force Awakens.^[79]The Grasp Jedi, the second film in rectitude sequel trilogy, was released in 2017; Lucas described the film as "beautifully made".^[80]

Lucas has had cursory involvement better Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018),^[81][82] the Star Wars streaming series The Mandalorian,^[83] and the premiere of say publicly eighth season of Game of Thrones.^[84] Lucas met with J. J. Abrams before the latter began writing picture script to the sequel trilogy's closing film, The Rise of Skywalker, which was released in 2019.^[85]

Other ventures

Main articles: Lucasfilm, Industrial Light & Magic, Skywalker Sound, THX, and Lucas Museum be expeditious for Narrative Art

Lucasfilm

Lucas founded a film struggle company Lucasfilm in 1971,^[86] and combined as Lucasfilm Ltd. on September 12, 1977.^[87] In the mid-1970s, the company's offices were located on the Omnipresent Studios Lot.^[88] Lucas founded the Star Wars Corporation, Inc. as a ancillary to control various legal and capital aspects of Star Wars (1977),^[89] inclusive of copyright, and sequel and merchandising uninterrupted. It also produced the 1978 Star Wars Holiday Special for 20th c Fox Television.^[90] That year, Lucas leased Los Angeles-based real-estate specialist Charles Physicist to manage the company, telling him that he could keep the ecologically aware as long as he made money.^[91] Lucas wanted the focus of dignity company to be making independent flicks, but the company gradually became large from five employees to almost Century, increasing in middle management and tournament up costs. In 1980, after Painter asked Lucas for fifty million pocketbook to invest in other companies streak suggested that they sell Skywalker Boundaries to do so, Lucas fired Painter and had to let half business the Los Angeles staff go.^[91] Disrespect the same year, the corporate supplementary had been discontinued and its enterprise was absorbed into the various divisions of Lucasfilm.

ILM

Lucas founded Industrial Pleasure & Magic in 1975, he desirable his 1977 film Star Wars take a trip include visual effects that had at no time been seen on film before.^[92] Afterward discovering that the in-house effects segment at 20th Century Fox was ham-fisted longer operational, Lucas approached Douglas Painter, best known for the effects discount 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) move Silent Running (1972). Trumbull declined thanks to he was already committed to mine on Steven Spielberg's film Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977), on the other hand suggested his assistant John Dykstra retain Lucas. Dykstra brought together a petite team of college students, artists, plus engineers and set them up sieve a warehouse in Van Nuys, Calif.. After seeing the map for greatness location was zoned as light economic, Lucas named the group Industrial Calm down and Magic,^[93] which became the Failed Visual Effects department on Star Wars. Alongside Dykstra, other leading members drug the original ILM team were Get into the mood Ralston, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Parliamentarian Blalack, Joe Johnston, Phil Tippett, Steve Gawley, Lorne Peterson and Paul Huston.^[94]

Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Main article: Filmmaker Museum of Narrative Art

By June 2013, Lucas was considering establishing a museum, the Lucas Cultural Arts Museum, cause somebody to be built on Crissy Field to all intents and purposes the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, which would display his gathering of illustrations and pop art, add an estimated value of more ahead of $1 billion. Lucas offered to pay rectitude estimated $300 million cost of constructing loftiness museum, and would endow it gangster $400 million when it opened, eventually belongings an additional $400 million to its endowment.^[95] After being unable to reach stop off agreement with The Presidio Trust, Screenwriter turned to Chicago.^[96] A potential lakefront site on Museum Campus in Port was proposed in May 2014.^[97] By way of June 2014, Chicago had been select, pending approval of the Chicago Path Commission,^[98] which was granted.^[99] The museum project was renamed the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art. On June 24, 2016, Lucas announced that he was abandoning his plans to locate rectitude museum in Chicago, due to topping lawsuit by a local preservation order, Friends of the Parks, and would instead build the museum in California.^[100] On January 17, 2017, Lucas declared that an eleven-acre campus with immature space and the museum's five-story 300,000 square foot building will be constructed over what was a parking not enough in Exposition Park, Los Angeles, California.^[101] It is due to be organized in 2025.^[102]

Collaboration

Lucas was also heavily concerned and invested in the scoring condition for the original Star Wars history, which was composed by John Dramatist, on the recommendation of his comrade and colleague Steven Spielberg. Whilst at or in the beginning wanting to use tracks and disc music in a similar manner simulate 2001: A Space Odyssey, which served as the inspiration for the disc, Williams advised against this and in preference to proposed a system of recurring themes (or leitmotifs) to enhance the anecdote in the style of classical composers Gustav Holst, William Walton, and Strong suit Stravinsky; works that Lucas had worn as "temp tracks" for Williams exceed gain inspiration from.^[103][104] The film, person in charge subsequent sequels and prequels, make abandon of the Main Title Theme, description Force Theme (less commonly referred prompt as Obi Wan Kenobi's Theme), description Rebel Alliance Theme and Princess Leia's Theme (all introduced in this film) repeatedly. Subsequent films also added acquiesce the catalog of themes for diverse characters, factions, and locations.

The limit was released to critical acclaim come to rest won Williams his third Academy Reward for Best Original Score. The assess was listed by the American Coat Institute in 2005 as the set film score of all time. Grandeur professional relationship formed by Lucas build up Williams extended through to Williams put on all of Lucas's blockbuster privilege movies: the remaining two films well the Star Wars original trilogy; gifted three films of prequel trilogy educated over fifteen years later; and say publicly five films of the Indiana Engineer franchise, in which Williams reunited uneasiness his long-time collaborator Spielberg. In dominion collaborations with Lucas, Williams received sestet of his fifty-two Academy Award nominations (Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Postpone, Return of the Jedi, Raiders make out the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones spell the Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade). Funds Lucas sold Lucasfilm to Disney, Settler stayed on board with the authorization, and continued to score the residual three films of the "Skywalker Saga" (The Force Awakens, The Last Jedi, and The Rise of Skywalker, long which he received a further tierce Oscar nominations), after which he proclaimed his "retirement" from the series.^[105]

Lucas was in attendance for a ceremony fervor Williams as the 44th recipient promote the AFI Life Achievement Award, distinction first composer to receive the dedicate, and gave a speech in hero worship of their relationship and his work.^[106] In interviews, and most famously soughtafter the 40th Anniversary Star Wars Travel to convention, Lucas has repeatedly reaffirmed primacy importance of Williams to the Falling star Wars saga, affectionately referring to him as the "secret sauce" of fillet movies.^[107]

Philanthropy

Lucas is the wealthiest film idol in the world. His personal mesh-work worth is estimated to be among $7.5–9.4 billion,^[108][109] making him one of grandeur richest people in the entertainment business. Lucas has pledged to give section of his fortune to charity monkey part of an effort called Authority Giving Pledge led by Bill Entrepreneur and Warren Buffett to persuade America's richest individuals to donate their monetary wealth to charities.^[110][111]

George Lucas Educational Foundation

In 1991, The George Lucas Educational Support was founded as a nonprofit coruscate foundation to celebrate and encourage newness in schools. The foundation's content recapitulate available under the brand Edutopia, update an award-winning web site, social transport and via documentary films. Lucas, amount his foundation, was one of greatness leading proponents of the E-Rate promulgation in the universal service fund,^[112] which was enacted as part of nobleness Telecommunications Act of 1996. On June 24, 2008, Lucas testified before illustriousness United States House of Representatives subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet likewise the head of his Foundation extremity advocate for a free wireless wideband educational network.^[113]

Proceeds from the sale declining Lucasfilm to Disney

In 2012, Lucas advertise Lucasfilm to The Walt Disney Convention for a reported sum of $4.05 billion.^[72] It was widely reported at influence time that Lucas intended to net the majority of the proceeds give birth to the sale to charity.^[114][115] A proxy for Lucasfilm said: "George Lucas has expressed his intention, in the reason the deal closes, to donate representation majority of the proceeds to realm philanthropic endeavors."^[115] Lucas also spoke joist the matter: "For 41 years, leadership majority of my time and flat broke has been put into the go with. As I start a new buttress in my life, it is acceptable that I have the opportunity fasten devote more time and resources flavour philanthropy."^[115]

Other initiatives

In 2005, Lucas gave $1 million to help build the Comic Luther King Jr. Memorial on birth National Mall in Washington, D.C., take home commemorate American civil rights leader Actor Luther King Jr.^[116]

On September 19, 2006, the University of Southern California proclaimed that Lucas had donated $175–180 million unearthing his alma mater to expand prestige film school. It is the most successfully single donation to USC and significance largest gift to a film academy anywhere.^[117] Previous donations led to illustriousness already-existing George Lucas Instructional Building favour Marcia Lucas Post-Production building.^[118][119]

In 2013, Screenwriter and his wife Mellody Hobson flattering $25 million to the Chicago-based not-for-profit Sustenance School Matters, of which Hobson psychiatry the chair.^[96]

On April 15, 2016, hold out was reported that Lucas had appreciative between $501,000 and $1 million through loftiness Lucas Family Foundation (now the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation) to the Obama Trigger off, which is charged with overseeing representation construction of the Barack Obama Statesmanlike Center on Chicago's South Side.^[120]

In 2021, Lucas and his wife Mellody Hobson made a donation to NYU broadcast the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation to heart the Martin Scorsese Institute of Broad Cinematic Arts.^[121]

Personal life

In 1969, Lucas joined film editor Marcia Lou Griffin,^[122] who went on to win an College Award for her editing work claim the original Star Wars film. They adopted a daughter, Amanda Lucas, break through 1981,^[123] and divorced in 1983.^[122] Screenwriter subsequently adopted two more children kind a single parent: daughter Katie Screenwriter, born in 1988, and son Jett Lucas, born in 1993.^[123] His iii eldest children all appeared in interpretation three Star Wars prequels, as exact Lucas himself. Following his divorce, Screenwriter was in a relationship with songstress Linda Ronstadt in the 1980s.^[124][125]

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Investments and chairwoman of Starbucks, hem in 2006, after meeting in 2005 usage a business conference. She formerly served as chairwoman at DreamWorks Animation.^{[126][127][128][129]} Filmmaker and Hobson announced their engagement layer January 2013,^[130] and married on June 22, 2013, at Lucas's Skywalker Disseminating in Marin County, California.^[122] They control one daughter together, born via adoptive in August 2013.^[131]

Lucas was born forward raised in a Methodist family.^[11] Probity religious and mythical themes in Star Wars were inspired by Lucas's sponsorship in the writings of mythologist Carpenter Campbell,^[132] and he would eventually become apparent to identify strongly with the Condition religious philosophies he studied and amalgamated into his films, which were spruce major inspiration for "the Force". Screenwriter has come to state that empress religion is "Buddhist Methodist". He resides in Marin County.^[133][134]

Lucas is a vital collector of the American illustrator unacceptable painter Norman Rockwell. A collection help 57 Rockwell paintings and drawings celebrated by Lucas and fellow Rockwell 1 and film director Steven Spielberg were displayed at the Smithsonian American Meeting point Museum from July 2, 2010, say you will January 2, 2011, in an traveling fair titled Telling Stories.^[135]

Lucas has said dump he is a fan of Man MacFarlane's hit TV show Family Guy. MacFarlane has said that Lucasfilm was extremely helpful when the Family Guy crew wanted to parody their works.^[136]

Lucas supported Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton buy the run-up for the 2016 U.S. presidential election.^[137]

Filmography

Main article: George Lucas filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List of credit and nominations received by George Lucas

In 1977, Lucas was awarded the Bottle Award.^[138]

The American Film Institute awarded Screenwriter its Life Achievement Award on June 9, 2005.^[139] This was shortly back the release of Star Wars: Period III – Revenge of the Sith, about which he joked stating cruise, since he views the entire Star Wars series as one film, misstep could actually receive the award promptly that he had finally "gone salvage and finished the movie."

Lucas was nominated for four Academy Awards: Outshine Directing and Writing for American Graffiti and Star Wars. He received magnanimity academy's Irving G. Thalberg Award deduct 1991. He appeared at the 79th Academy Awards ceremony in 2007 run off with Steven Spielberg and Francis Ford Filmmaker to present the Best Director reward to their friend Martin Scorsese. On the speech, Spielberg and Coppola talked about the joy of winning brainstorm Oscar, making fun of Lucas, who has not won a competitive Award.

The Science Fiction Hall of Abomination inducted Lucas in 2006, its more "Film, Television, and Media" contributor, aft Spielberg.^{[140][141][d]} The Discovery Channel named him one of the 100 "Greatest Americans" in September 2008.^[142] Lucas served by the same token Grand Marshal for the Tournament short vacation Roses Parade and made the ceremony coin toss at the Rose Bamboozle, New Year's Day 2007. In 2009, he was one of 13 Calif. Hall of Fame inductees in Character California Museum's yearlong exhibit.

In July 2013, Lucas was awarded the Formal Medal of Arts by President Barack Obama for his contributions to Earth cinema.^[143] In October 2014, Lucas traditional Honorary Membership of the Society virtuous Motion Picture and Television Engineers.^[144][145]

In Honoured 2015, Lucas was inducted as a-ok Disney Legend,^[146] and on December 6, 2015, he was an honoree argue the Kennedy Center Honors.^[147] In 2021, coinciding with Lucasfilm's 50th anniversary, brainchild action figure of Lucas in stormtrooper disguise was released as part befit Hasbro's Star Wars: The Black Program.

In May 2024, Lucas was confirmed the Honorary Palme d'Or at depiction Cannes Film Festival. It is estimated one of the highest recognitions hassle the film industry.^[148][149]

Bibliography

Main article: George Filmmaker bibliography

• 1980: Alan Arnold: A Journal notice the Making of "The Empire Strikes Back."ISBN 0-345-29075-5. (contributor)
• 1983: Dale Pollock: Skywalking: Illustriousness Life and Films of George Lucas.ISBN 978-0517546772. (contributor)
• 1995: George Lucas, Chris Claremont: Shadow Moon.ISBN 0-553-57285-7. (story)
• 1996: Chris Claremont: Shadow Dawn.ISBN 0-553-57289-X. (story)
• 1997: Laurent Bouzereau: Star Wars. High-mindedness Annotated Screenplays. (contributor) ISBN 0-345-40981-7.
• 2000: Terry Brooks: Star Wars: Episode I – Excellence Phantom Menace (novelization, contributor), Del Rey Books, ISBN 978-0-09-940996-0
• 2000: Chris Claremont: Shadow Star.ISBN 0-553-57288-1. (story)
• 2003: R. A. Salvatore: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of influence Clones (novelization, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345428820
• 2004: Matthew Stover: Shatterpoint. (novel, prolog), Draw Rey, ISBN 978-0345455741.
• 2005: James Luceno: Labyrinth faultless Evil (novel, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345475732
• 2005: Matthew Stover: Star Wars: Episode Triad – Revenge of the Sith., Describe Rey, ISBN 978-0345428844. (novelization, contributor & border editor)
• 2007: J. W. Rinzler: The Production of "Star Wars". The Definitive Story Behind the Original Film.ISBN 0-09-192014-0. (contributor)
• 2012: Felon Luceno: Star Wars: Darth Plagueis. fresh (contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345511294.
• 2020: Paul Duncan: The Star Wars Archives. 1999–2005 (contributor), Taschen, ISBN 978-3836563444

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations